{"id":3790,"date":"2019-09-19T13:45:28","date_gmt":"2019-09-19T17:45:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/employerdefensereport.com\/?p=3790"},"modified":"2026-03-18T14:42:44","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T18:42:44","slug":"latest-dol-opinion-letter-clarifies-one-month-representative-period-requirement-under-section-7i-exemption-for-retail-and-service-industry-employees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.connmaciel.com\/employer-defense-report\/latest-dol-opinion-letter-clarifies-one-month-representative-period-requirement-under-section-7i-exemption-for-retail-and-service-industry-employees\/","title":{"rendered":"DOL Opinion Letter Clarifies One-Month Representative Period under Section 7(i) Overtime Exemption for Retail and Service Industry Employees"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"stackOn September 10, 2019, the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) issued a new <\/span>Opinion Letter<\/a> providing clarity on the Fair Labor Standards Act\u2019s (FLSA)\u2019s Section 7(i) retail or service establishmen<\/span>t overtime pay exemption that commissions on goods or services represent more than half an employee\u2019s compensation for a representative period <\/span>of not less than one month<\/em>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The FLSA Section 7(i) exempts a retail or service establishment employee from the FLSA\u2019s overtime requirements if:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. the employee’s regular rate of pay exceeds one and one-half times the applicable minimum wage for every hour worked in a workweek in which overtime hours are worked, and<\/li>\n
  2. more than half the employee’s total earnings in a representative period consists of commissions.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    29 U.S.C. \u00a7 207(i).\u00a0 Unless both conditions are met, the Section 7(i) exemption is not applicable, and overtime premium pay must be paid for all time worked over 40 hours in a workweek at a rate of time and one-half the regular rate of pay.<\/p>\n

    More specifically, Section 7(i)\u2019s exemption requires that more than half of an employee\u2019s \u201ccompensation for a representative period (not less than one month<\/em>) must represent commissions on goods or service.\u201d\u00a0 29 U.S.C. \u00a7 207(i).\u00a0 This is also reflected in the statute\u2019s associated regulations, which state, \u201cThe representative period for determining whether more than half of an employee’s compensation represents commissions cannot, under the express terms of section 7(i), be less than 1 month.\u201d\u00a0 29 C.F.R. \u00a7 779.417(c). \u00a0The representative period for determining if enough commissions have been paid may be as short as one month, but must not be greater than one year.<\/p>\n

    If the employee is paid entirely by commissions, or draws and commissions, or if commissions are always\u00a0greater than salary or hourly amounts paid, the-greater-than-50%-commissions condition will have been met. If the employee is not paid in this manner, the employer must separately total the employee’s commissions and other compensation paid during the representative period. \u00a0The total commissions paid must exceed the total of other compensation paid for this condition to be met.\u00a0 However, employers need to keep in mind that tips paid to service employees by customers are not considered commissions for the purposes of this exemption.<\/span><\/p>\n

    The DOL Opinion Letter provides further clarity on the representative period requirement, as the FLSA regulations do not provide any guidance on the meaning of the phrase \u201cnot less than one month.\u201d\u00a0 Relying on the Supreme Court\u2019s decision in Encino Motorcars, LLC v. Navarro\u00b8<\/a><\/em> the DOL clarified that, for purposes of determining whether more than half of an employee’s compensation represents commissions, the one-month requirement is fairly interpreted to mean a calendar month<\/em> \u2013 i.e. the time from a given day of a particular month to the corresponding day of the following month. \u00a0Based on this interpretation, the DOL concluded that four consecutive weekly pay periods or two consecutive biweekly pay periods does not satisfy the one-month representative period requirement.\u00a0 With the exception of February, four weeks from any given date of one month will necessarily fall short of the corresponding date of the next month, and thus will not satisfy the minimum one-month requirement of Section 7(i).<\/p>\n

    However, the DOL explained that six consecutive weekly pay periods or three consecutive bi-weekly pay periods may satisfy the statutory minimum period of not less than one month \u2013 i.e. one calendar month.\u00a0 That will be the case even if the six consecutive weeks or the three bi-weekly periods do not capture all the days in a given month.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Employers in the retail and service industry should take note of this interpretation, as it could modify the analysis to determine whether an employee is exempt from the overtime requirements.\u00a0 Further, the six-week period must also be \u201crepresentative\u201d and other criteria must be satisfied for the exemption to apply.\u00a0 Thus, in addition to reviewing, at the very least, one calendar month of the employee\u2019s total earnings, employers also need to make sure that the employee\u2019s regular rate of pay exceeds one ad one-half times the applicable minimum wage for every hour worked in a workweek in which overtime is worked. \u00a0If employers in the retail and service industry have any questions about how to properly analyze whether an employee is exempt from the FLSA\u2019s overtime provisions, it is best to consult counsel to ensure all of Section 7(i)\u2019s requirements have been met.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    On September 10, 2019, the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) issued a new Opinion Letter providing clarity on the Fair Labor Standards Act\u2019s (FLSA)\u2019s Section 7(i) retail or service establishment overtime pay exemption that commissions on goods…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[813],"tags":[857,908],"class_list":["post-3790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-wage-hour-compliance","tag-hospitality-retail","tag-pay-practices"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDOL Opinion Letter Clarifies One-Month Representative Period under Section 7(i) Overtime Exemption for Retail and Service Industry Employees - Employer Defense Report<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.connmaciel.com\/employer-defense-report\/latest-dol-opinion-letter-clarifies-one-month-representative-period-requirement-under-section-7i-exemption-for-retail-and-service-industry-employees\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"DOL Opinion Letter Clarifies One-Month Representative Period under Section 7(i) Overtime Exemption for Retail and Service Industry Employees - Employer Defense Report\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On September 10, 2019, the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) issued a new Opinion Letter providing clarity on the Fair Labor Standards Act\u2019s (FLSA)\u2019s Section 7(i) retail or service establishment overtime pay exemption that commissions on goods…\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.connmaciel.com\/employer-defense-report\/latest-dol-opinion-letter-clarifies-one-month-representative-period-requirement-under-section-7i-exemption-for-retail-and-service-industry-employees\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Employer Defense Report\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-09-19T17:45:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-18T18:42:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Daniel C. 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