{"id":1392,"date":"2022-02-03T17:24:55","date_gmt":"2022-02-03T22:24:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/caloshadefensereport.com\/?p=1392"},"modified":"2026-03-20T09:24:27","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T16:24:27","slug":"california-appellate-court-rejects-challenge-to-covid-19-emergency-rule","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.connmaciel.com\/calosha-defense-report\/california-appellate-court-rejects-challenge-to-covid-19-emergency-rule\/","title":{"rendered":"California Appellate Court Rejects Challenge to COVID-19 Emergency Rule"},"content":{"rendered":"

In\u00a0Western Growers Association, et al, v. Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board, et al<\/a>, the California appellate court recently affirmed the lower court\u2019s decision denying a challenge to Cal\/OSHA\u2019s COVID-19 Emergency Temporary Standard (ETS).\u00a0 This decision has far-reaching implications, affording considerable deference to the California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board\u2019s (Board) rulemaking process and authority to bypass regular rulemaking with emergency temporary standards supported by its own \u201cdeclaration of emergency.\u201d\u00a0 The Board \u2013 which is tasked with promulgating workplace safety rules \u2013 has\u00a0 had an oversized role during the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/p>\n

\"CaptureAs background, the Board\u2019s COVID-19 ETS was approved, effective November 30, 2020, over the recommendation of Board staff finding that \u201cCal\/OSHA\u2019s limited resources should continue to be focused on enforcement and consultation outreach specifically targeted at employers and sectors of the economy with deficient COVID-19 protections,\u201d as this is likely to be more effective than new rulemaking.\u00a0 Since then Cal\/OSHA\u2019s ETS has undergone numerous revisions, being \u201cre-adopted\u201d effective June 17, 2021 and then again on January 14, 2022.\u00a0 The regulation has been a moving target for employers, with the Board each time adopting modified text followed by updated FAQs.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n

In response to the initial adoption of the COVID-19 ETS, the Western Growers Association and other agricultural interests filed suit in state trial court seeking to enjoin the ETS on the basis that it exceeded the authority of the Standards Board and undermined existing laws, regulations and enforcement guidance intended to prevent or slow the spread of COVID-19 in the workplace.\u00a0 As we reported in a\u00a0blog post<\/a>\u00a0last year, the trial court denied the application for a preliminary injunction concluding that the trade groups had not shown a likelihood of prevailing on the merits of the claims.\u00a0 That ruling was then appealed.<\/p>\n

In its decision, the appellate court addresses the various arguments raised by the trade groups in the lower court.\u00a0 First, the court tackled the argument that the findings of emergency (FOE) lacked necessary findings to support the ETS, in part based on evidence that Cal\/OSHA was successfully conducting investigations and issuing citations related to COVID-19 under then-existing safety regulations.\u00a0 But the court deferred to the Board\u2019s findings, concluding that the FOE demonstrates \u201cthe emergency and need for immediate action\u201d and that, accordingly, substantial evidence supports the Board\u2019s determination that existing regulations were \u201cinsufficient to fully protect workers from COVID-19.\u201d<\/p>\n

Next, the appellate court dismissed the trade groups\u2019 argument that the ETS should be invalidated based on the Board\u2019s delay in enacting the rule, many months after the Governor\u2019s executive orders related to COVID-19.\u00a0 The court concluded that the scope and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic did not exist and was not known by the Board in sufficient time to have been addressed through nonemergency regulations.<\/p>\n

The appellate court also rejected the trade organizations\u2019 argument that the Board violated a statutory mandate by creating prescriptive standards without considering whether the goals could be achieved by performance standards.\u00a0 A performance standard means a regulation that describes an objective with the criteria stated for achieving the criteria, whereas a prescriptive standard means a regulation that specifies the sole means of compliance by specific actions, measurements or other quantifiable means.\u00a0 The court found that the administrative record demonstrates the Board did not abuse its discretion in adopting prescriptive standards in the ETS.<\/p>\n

And, lastly, the appellate court rejected the trade groups\u2019 challenge to the ETS requirement that employees experiencing a close contact be excluded from the workplace with pay and benefits.\u00a0 The trade groups asserted that this requirement created an unlawful \u201cirrebuttable presumption\u201d that the exposed worker is infectious.\u00a0 Yet, the court found that even if the ETS created such irrebuttable presumption, the Board did not exceed its authority in mandating that employees with close contacts in the workplace be excluded with pay.\u00a0 The court concluded that a \u201cmore limited review\u201d of the Board\u2019s adoption of the exclusion requirements is \u201creasonable in light of the unique nature of the pandemic.\u201d<\/p>\n

This decision sends a strong message that the California courts are unlikely to conduct any meaningful review of the Standards Board\u2019s rulemaking authority related to COVID-19.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In\u00a0Western Growers Association, et al, v. Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board, et al, the California appellate court recently affirmed the lower court\u2019s decision denying a challenge to Cal\/OSHA\u2019s COVID-19 Emergency Temporary Standard (ETS).\u00a0 This decision has…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[449],"tags":[423],"class_list":["post-1392","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-legislative-standards-board-updates","tag-infectious-diseases"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCalifornia Appellate Court Rejects Challenge to COVID-19 Emergency Rule - Cal\/OSHA Defense Report<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.connmaciel.com\/calosha-defense-report\/california-appellate-court-rejects-challenge-to-covid-19-emergency-rule\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"California Appellate Court Rejects Challenge to COVID-19 Emergency Rule - Cal\/OSHA Defense Report\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In\u00a0Western Growers Association, et al, v. 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